RNA-seq Guide

This expanded edition is intended as a general, downloadable RNA-seq reference for broad audiences in research and translational science. It preserves the standardized chapter flow from the editorial edition and adds deeper methodological context, practical decision logic, and implementation-level guidance across the full project lifecycle.

The guiding principle is operational clarity: each chapter defines what decisions are being made, why those decisions matter statistically and biologically, and what minimum evidence should be documented before proceeding to the next stage.

8.1 Design Formula Discipline

Model formulas should be derived from study design, not from post hoc visual patterns alone. Include relevant technical covariates when measured and non-collinear. Exclude redundant terms that reduce model stability without adding interpretive value.